የጥበቃ እና መዝናኛ መምሪያ መጠበቅ. መከላከል. መደሰት.
የጥበቃ እና መዝናኛ መምሪያ 
ማውጫፒዬድሞንት / ተራራ አነስተኛ-ዥረት Alluvial ደኖች
በዚህ ቡድን ውስጥ ያሉ ደኖች በትናንሽ ቅደም ተከተሎች ጅረቶች ላይ ለጊዜው በጎርፍ የተጥለቀለቁ መኖሪያ ቤቶችን ይይዛሉ፣ እነዚህም ልዩ ልዩ ቅልቅሎች (ለምሳሌ ፣ ሌቭስ፣ እርከኖች፣ የኋላ ረግረጋማዎች) በጣም በትንሽ መጠን ይከሰታሉ። እነዚህ ማህበረሰቦች በፒዬድሞንት እና በተራራ-ክልል ሸለቆዎች ውስጥ በብዙ ጅረቶች እና በትንሹ ወንዞች ይገኛሉ። በአንፃራዊነት ከፍተኛ ደረጃ ባላቸው ትናንሽ ወንዞች እና በተራራዎች ላይ ያሉ ትላልቅ ጅረቶች ያሉ ደኖች ቀደም ሲል እንደ የተለየ ቡድን ("ሞንታን አልሉቪያል ደኖች") ይታወቁ ነበር አሁን ግን ወደ ሰፊ ህክምና ተቀላቅለዋል። አፈር, የውኃ መጥለቅለቅ ስርዓቶች እና የአበባዎች ስብጥር የተለያዩ ናቸው. መኖሪያ ቤቶች በአጠቃላይ ጠባብ የጎርፍ ሜዳዎችን ያቀፈ ሲሆን ከጥሩ እስከ ደረቅ ደለል አፈር; ቋጥኝ ወይም ኮብል አሉቪየም እና ድንጋያማ ወንዞች በተራሮች ውስጥ እና ግርጌ የተለመዱ ናቸው።
Characteristic trees in the Piedmont and mountain valleys include sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), eastern boxelder (Acer negundo var. negundo), American elm (Ulmus americana), green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), river birch (Betula nigra), red maple (Acer rubrum), yellow buckeye (Aesculus flava; southwestern Virginia only), black walnut (Juglans nigra), tulip-tree (Liriodendron tulipifera), and black willow (Salix nigra). Shrubs include spicebush (Lindera benzoin var. benzoin), black haw (Viburnum prunifolium), American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana), and American hazelnut (Corylus americana). Herbaceous composition varies greatly with site conditions and geography, but generally includes such characteristic species as mistflower (Conoclinium coelestinum), hollow joe-pye weed (Eutrochium fistulosum), thin-leaved sunflower (Helianthus decapetalus), cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis), great blue lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica), American bugleweed (Lycopus americanus), Virginia bugleweed (Lycopus virginicus), fringed loosestrife (Steironema ciliatum), sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis var. sensibilis), fall phlox (Phlox paniculata), hispid hedge-nettle (Stachys hispida), tall meadow-rue (Thalictrum pubescens), and wingstem (Verbesina alternifolia) .
Along montane floodplains, most of the lower, streamside terraces are probably flooded briefly at least annually. More powerful, catastrophic floods occur at irregular intervals and may be very destructive to stream channels and vegetation. The forests of these habitats are characterized by a mixture of bottomland and mesophytic species. Among the most common trees are sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), eastern white pine (Pinus strobus), white oak (Quercus alba), birches (Betula alleghaniensis and Betula lenta var. lenta), and tulip-tree (Liriodendron tulipifera). Other trees that may be locally important are American beech (Fagus grandifolia), yellow buckeye (Aesculus flava), red maple (Acer rubrum), American elm (Ulmus americana) and, in far southwestern Virginia only, sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua). Understory shrubs may include American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana), great rhododendron (Rhododendron maximum), smooth alder (Alnus serrulata), willows (Salix sericea and Salix nigra), and witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana var. virginiana). Montane floodplain habitats are relatively well drained and support a great variety of mostly mesophytic herbaceous species such as hog-peanut (Amphicarpaea bracteata), common jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum), green-and-gold (Chrysogonum virginianum var. virginianum), and golden ragwort (Packera aurea). More frequently flooded and hydric microhabitats along the stream channels, however, usually support some wetland species, e.g., twisted sedge (Carex torta), nodding sedge (Carex gynandra), fowl mannagrass (Glyceria striata var. striata), hooked buttercup (Ranunculus recurvatus var. recurvatus), and marsh blue violet (Viola cucullata).
ከፒዬድሞንት/የተራራ ጎርፍ ሜዳ ደኖች ጋር ሲነፃፀር፣የዚህ ቡድን ማህበረሰቦች ትንንሽ፣ የበለጠ መልክአ ምድራዊ አቀማመጥ ያላቸው የተለያየ ጎርፍ ሜዳዎችን ይይዛሉ እና ዝቅተኛ የእፅዋት ልዩነት አላቸው። በቨርጂኒያ ውስጥ በደንብ ያልተመዘገቡ እና ባብዛኛው በተበላሸ ሁኔታ ላይ ናቸው ምክንያቱም ከዚህ በፊት በሰፊው ማጽዳት፣ግጦሽ፣አሰቃቂ የጎርፍ መጥለቅለቅ እና ወራሪዎች በገቡ አረሞች።ማጣቀሻዎች፡- ኩሊንግ (1999)፣ ፍሌሚንግ (2002ሀ ) ፣ ፍሌሚንግ (2007) ፣ ፍሌሚንግ እና ኮሊንግ (2001) ፣ ፍሌሚንግ እና ሙርሄድ (2000) ፣ Gemborys (1974) ፣ ሁፕ (1982) ፣ ሁፕ (1986) ፣ ኦልሰን እና ሁፕ (1986) ፣ ራዊን እና አል. (1994), Rawinski et al . (1996)
የዚህን የስነምህዳር ማህበረሰብ ቡድን ተጨማሪ ፎቶዎች ለማግኘት እዚህ ጠቅ ያድርጉ ።
© DCR-DNH, ጋሪ ፒ. ፍሌሚንግ.
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