የጥበቃ እና መዝናኛ መምሪያ መጠበቅ. መከላከል. መደሰት.
የጥበቃ እና መዝናኛ መምሪያ 
ማውጫSandhill እና Fluvial Terrace Woodlands
ይህ ቡድን ተዛማጅ የሆኑ የእንጨት እፅዋትን ያቀፈ ሲሆን ይህም በሁለት የተለያዩ ውስጣዊ የባህር ዳርቻ ሜዳዎች ውስጥ ነው፡- በደቡብ ምስራቅ ቨርጂኒያ ውስጥ በሚገኙ የአሸዋማ ኢንተርፍሎች ሸለቆዎች (ሳንድሂሎች) ላይ። በደቡብ ምስራቅ እና በምስራቅ-ማእከላዊ ቨርጂኒያ ስድስት ወንዞችን የሚያዋስኑ ከፍ ባለ አሸዋማ እርከኖች።
Sand ridges of the southeastern Virginia Coastal Plain support pyrophytic mixed woodlands of pines, scrub oaks, ericaceous shrubs, and light-demanding herbaceous xerophytes. Communities in this group reach their northern range limit in Virginia, where they occur in small, highly localized patches. Similar vegetation ranges through the southeastern Coastal Plain to Texas, and was likely much more widespread in southeastern Virginia prior to European settlement. Today, remnant habitats are located primarily on slightly elevated sand deposits stretching along the eastern sides of the Blackwater and Nottoway Rivers in Sussex, Southampton, and Isle of Wight Counties and the City of Suffolk. Soils are coarse xeric sands, often overlying clay-rich subsoils that may perch water briefly and limit rooting depths. The original vegetation of these sites is presumed to have been composed of open overstories of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris), perhaps in mixtures with pond pine (Pinus serotina) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) at the northern end of its range, with open understories of scrub oaks (Quercus spp.), patchy ericads, and areas of open sand with sparse herbaceous cover. Stand structure and successful reproduction of longleaf pine were presumably controlled by a natural regime of frequent low-intensity fires. Extant examples have been altered by heavy cutting and decades of fire exclusion. Longleaf pine has been almost entirely replaced by loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), and most stands are now quite closed. Various combinations of turkey oak (Quercus laevis), sand post oak (Quercus margarettae), water oak (Quercus nigra), bluejack oak (Quercus incana), southern red oak (Quercus falcata), blackjack oak (Quercus marilandica var. marilandica), and sand hickory (Carya pallida) occur as overstory co-dominants and understory trees.
በጣም ከፍ ባሉ እና በሴርጂክ ቦታዎች ላይ ፣ ተደጋጋሚ ቁጥቋጦዎች መርዛማ ኦክ (Toxicodendron pubescens) ፣ farkleberry (Vccinium arboreum) ፣ አጋዘን (Vccinium stamineum) እና ድዋርፍ ሰም myrtle (ሞሬላ ፑሚላ) ያካትታሉ። በቆርቆሮ መዘጋት እና በወፍራም ቅጠል ክምችት ሊወገድ የሚችል ባህሪያቱ የዕፅዋት ዜሮፊቶች ብርማ ሰማያዊ ስቴም (አንድሮፖጎን ተርናሪየስ) ፣ ሱፍ ባለ ሶስት-አውን ሣር (አሪስቲዳ ላኖሳ) ፣ የፀጉር መሸፈኛዎች (Bulbostylis ciliatifolia እና Bulbostylis coarctata) ፣ ሳርሳታ-መሰል ሳርሳሚን spurge-nettle (Cnidoscolus stimulosus), pineland tick-trefoil (Desmodium strictum), የአሜሪካ ipecac (Euphorbia ipecacuanhae), sundial lupine (ሉፒነስ ፐሬኒስ), ጥቅምት-አበባ (ፖሊጎኔላ ፖሊጋማ)፣ የዋይ-ቅጠል አፍንጫ ማቃጠል (Tragia urens) እና የባልድዊን ናይልዎርት (Paonychia baldwinii ssp. riparia)።
ከአሸዋ ኮረብታዎች ጋር በተያያዙ አሸዋማ ጠፍጣፋዎች ላይ፣ አፈሩ በየወቅቱ የሚቀመጡ የውሃ ጠረጴዛዎች ሊኖሩት ይችላል ነገር ግን በዋነኛነት በደንብ ደርቀው ለዓመት በቂ ጊዜዎች ደረቅ ናቸው። እዚህ ላይ፣ በጣም ጥሩ የሆኑት ቁርጥራጮች በሎንግሌፍ፣ ሎብሎሊ እና የኩሬ ጥድ የተበታተኑ የቱርክ የኦክ ዛፍ ቅይጥ ቅይጥ ቋሚዎች የበላይነት አላቸው። ጥቅጥቅ ያሉ፣ በአብዛኛው ኤሪካሲየስ ያለው የበግ ላውረል (ካልሚያ አንጉስቲፎሊያ) ወይም ካሮላይና ላውረል (ካልሚያ ካሮሊና)፣ huckleberries (Gaylussacia frondosa ፣ Gaylussacia dumosa እና Gaylussacia baccata)፣ ስቴገርቡሽ (ሊዮንያ ማሪያና)፣ ትንሽ ጥቁር ሰማያዊ እንጆሪ (Lionia mariana) )፣ ኢንክቤሪ (ኢሌክስ ግላብራ)፣ የካናዳ ሰርቪስቤሪ (Amelanchier canadensis) ፣ እና አገዳ መቀየር (Arundinaria tecta )) ባህሪያት ናቸው። ዕፅዋት በአጠቃላይ እምብዛም አይደሉም፣ ነገር ግን የደቡባዊ ብሬከን ፈርን (Pteridium aquilinum ssp. pseudocaudatum)፣ የጋራ pyxie-moss (የጋራ pyxie-moss) ያካትታሉ። Pyxidanthera ባርቡላታ)፣ ገለባ (ካርፌፎረስ ቤሊዲፎሊየስ እና ካርፌፎረስ ቶሜንቶሰስ) እና ጠባብ ፍሬ ፋሲካል ምንቃር (Rhynchospora distans)።
Woodlands of the fluvial settings comprise a somewhat enigmatic community type occurring on flat, sandy terraces and islands along Coastal Plain rivers in eastern Virginia. These habitats are elevated well above the level of adjacent swamps and are characterized by xeric, sandy soils and open forest or woodland vegetation. Single occurrences have been documented along the Nottoway River (Sussex County); Chickahominy River, Pamunkey River and Ware Creek (New Kent County); Dragon Swamp (Middlesex County); and Mattaponi River (Caroline County). At all six sites, hickories (Carya pallida and Carya tomentosa) are the dominant trees, with drought-tolerant oaks (Quercus falcata, Quercus nigra, Quercus marilandica var. marilandica, Quercus alba) and pines (Pinus taeda, Pinus virginiana) present in smaller numbers. Shrubs occurring at all or most sites include sand post oak (Quercus margarettae), common sweetleaf (Symplocos tinctoria), American holly (Ilex opaca var. opaca), farkleberry (Vaccinium arboreum), and eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana). Typical herbs include sedges (Carex albicans var. australis, Carex pensylvanica, and Carex tonsa), Canada frostweed (Crocanthemum canadense), butterfly pea (Clitoria mariana var. mariana), sandhill goldenrod (Solidago tarda), and prickly-pear (Opuntia humifusa). The Dragon Run site is anomalous in the presence (despite low soil pH and base status) of several calciphiles such as eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis var. canadensis), wild columbine (Aquilegia canadensis), smooth rock cress (Boechera laevigata), robin's-plantain (Erigeron pulchellus var. pulchellus), and elm-leaved goldenrod (Solidago ulmifolia). A full understanding of the status and compositional relationships of this group will require additional inventory and assessment.
ምንም እንኳን ያለፉ እና በመካሄድ ላይ ያሉ ረብሻዎች ቢኖሩም፣ የአሸዋማ እና ፍሉቪያል የእርከን እንጨት በቨርጂኒያ ውስጥ ለጥበቃ እና መልሶ ማቋቋም ጠቃሚ ማህበረሰቦች በክልላቸው ብርቅነት ምክንያት። በሰሜን ምስራቅ ሰሜን ካሮላይና ውስጥ ካሉት ጋር የቨርጂኒያ የአሸዋማ እንጨቶች ምሳሌዎች የሽቦ ሣር (Aristida stricta እና Aristida beyrichiana) እና ሌሎች ተመሳሳይ ማህበረሰቦች ባህሪይ የፒሮፊቲክ ሳሮች ይጎድላቸዋል እና ስለሆነም ያልተለመደ የቅንብር ልዩነትን ይወክላሉ ተብሎ ይታሰባል። ብላክዋተር ኢኮሎጂካል ጥበቃ (ዙኒ አቅራቢያ፣ ዋይት ካውንቲ ደሴት) እና አጎራባች የሚገኘው የDCR አንጾኪያ ፓይን የተፈጥሮ አካባቢ ጥበቃ በታዘዘው ማቃጠል እየተስተናገዱ ነው፣ ነገር ግን የተቀሩት ክስተቶች ጥበቃ እና እድሳት ያስፈልጋቸዋል።
ማጣቀሻዎች፡ Frost እና Musselman (1987)፣ ፕሎቸር (1999)።
የዚህን የስነምህዳር ማህበረሰብ ቡድን ተጨማሪ ፎቶዎች ለማግኘት እዚህ ጠቅ ያድርጉ ።
© DCR-DNH, ጋሪ ፒ. ፍሌሚንግ.
።
